{"id":1811,"date":"2026-05-14T07:58:20","date_gmt":"2026-05-14T07:58:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hria.utcluj.ro\/?p=1811"},"modified":"2026-05-14T07:58:21","modified_gmt":"2026-05-14T07:58:21","slug":"clasificarea-si-monitorizarea-solului-din-imagini-satelitare","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hria.utcluj.ro\/en\/clasificarea-si-monitorizarea-solului-din-imagini-satelitare\/","title":{"rendered":"Clasificarea \u0219i monitorizarea solului din imagini satelitare"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Procesarea imaginilor satelitare cu ajutorul inteligen\u021bei artificiale ofer\u0103 noi oportunit\u0103\u021bi pentru analiza \u0219i monitorizarea mediului, \u00een special \u00een domeniul agricol. Acest demers se concentreaz\u0103 pe dezvoltarea unor metode automate pentru clasificarea solului \u0219i extragerea de informa\u021bii relevante din date satelitare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Crearea \u0219i extinderea seturilor de date<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Un prim pas esen\u021bial \u00eel reprezint\u0103 construirea \u0219i \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea dataset-urilor utilizate pentru antrenarea modelelor AI.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Surse de date:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>imagini satelitare <strong>Sentinel-2<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>platforme \u0219i tehnologii precum: Google Earth Engine, OpenLandMap, Meteostat API, procesare \u00een Python (Pandas)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tipuri de informa\u021bii extrase:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>umiditate<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>precipita\u021bii<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>temperatur\u0103<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>altitudine<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pant\u0103<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>expunerea solului (aspect)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 acestea, sunt calcula\u021bi \u0219i o serie de indici spectrali relevan\u021bi.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"896\" height=\"313\" src=\"https:\/\/hria.utcluj.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/sattelite-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1813\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hria.utcluj.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/sattelite-1.png 896w, https:\/\/hria.utcluj.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/sattelite-1-300x105.png 300w, https:\/\/hria.utcluj.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/sattelite-1-768x268.png 768w, https:\/\/hria.utcluj.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/sattelite-1-18x6.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 896px) 100vw, 896px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Indici spectrali utiliza\u021bi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pentru caracterizarea solului \u0219i a vegeta\u021biei, sunt utiliza\u021bi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Indici de baz\u0103:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>BSI (Bare Soil Index)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>NDBI (Normalized Difference Built-up Index)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>EVI (Enhanced Vegetation Index)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>SAVI (Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>NBR (Normalized Burn Ratio)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>SIPI (Structure Insensitive Pigment Index)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Indici extin\u0219i:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>propriet\u0103\u021bi mineralogice ale solului<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>caracteristici hidrice \u0219i organice<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>compozi\u021bie chimic\u0103 \u0219i mineral\u0103<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>geometrie spectral\u0103<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ace\u0219ti indicatori permit o descriere detaliat\u0103 a caracteristicilor solului.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Preprocesarea datelor<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pentru a asigura calitatea dataset-urilor, sunt aplicate metode de completare \u0219i corectare a datelor:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>completarea dataset-urilor incomplete<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>interpolarea valorilor lips\u0103 din seriile temporale de imagini satelitare\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>forward filling<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>backward filling<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aceste tehnici contribuie la ob\u021binerea unor date consistente pentru antrenarea modelelor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Modele de clasificare<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pentru clasificarea solului sunt utilizate mai multe metode de \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare automat\u0103:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Random Forest<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Support Vector Machines (SVM)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Gradient Boosting<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aceste modele sunt antrenate pe dataset-urile extinse \u0219i preprocesate, pentru a identifica tipuri de sol \u0219i caracteristici relevante.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Aplica\u021bii \u0219i perspective<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rezultatele ob\u021binute deschid direc\u021bii importante pentru dezvoltarea de aplica\u021bii inteligente \u00een agricultur\u0103:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>clasificarea automat\u0103 a solului<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>monitorizarea st\u0103rii terenurilor agricole<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>suport pentru decizii \u00een agricultur\u0103 de precizie<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00cen viitor, aceste metode pot fi integrate \u00een sisteme complexe de analiz\u0103 bazate pe imagini satelitare.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"592\" src=\"https:\/\/hria.utcluj.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/sattelite-2-1024x592.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1812\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hria.utcluj.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/sattelite-2-1024x592.png 1024w, https:\/\/hria.utcluj.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/sattelite-2-300x173.png 300w, https:\/\/hria.utcluj.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/sattelite-2-768x444.png 768w, https:\/\/hria.utcluj.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/sattelite-2-18x10.png 18w, https:\/\/hria.utcluj.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/sattelite-2.png 1220w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Procesarea imaginilor satelitare cu ajutorul inteligen\u021bei artificiale ofer\u0103 noi oportunit\u0103\u021bi pentru analiza \u0219i monitorizarea mediului, \u00een special \u00een domeniul agricol. Acest demers se concentreaz\u0103 pe dezvoltarea unor metode automate pentru clasificarea solului \u0219i extragerea de informa\u021bii relevante din date satelitare. Crearea \u0219i extinderea seturilor de date Un prim pas esen\u021bial \u00eel reprezint\u0103 construirea \u0219i \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea&hellip;&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"default","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"on","neve_meta_content_width":100,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"off","neve_post_elements_order":"[\"content\"]","neve_meta_disable_header":"off","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1811","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-rezultate"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hria.utcluj.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1811","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hria.utcluj.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hria.utcluj.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hria.utcluj.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hria.utcluj.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1811"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/hria.utcluj.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1811\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1814,"href":"https:\/\/hria.utcluj.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1811\/revisions\/1814"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hria.utcluj.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1811"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hria.utcluj.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1811"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hria.utcluj.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1811"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}